Assertion API

Vitest provides a wide range of DOM assertions out of the box forked from @testing-library/jest-dom library with the added support for locators and built-in retry-ability.

TypeScript Support

If you are using TypeScript or want to have correct type hints in expect, make sure you have @vitest/browser/context referenced somewhere. If you never imported from there, you can add a reference comment in any file that's covered by your tsconfig.json:

/// <reference types="@vitest/browser/context" />

Tests in the browser might fail inconsistently due to their asynchronous nature. Because of this, it is important to have a way to guarantee that assertions succeed even if the condition is delayed (by a timeout, network request, or animation, for example). For this purpose, Vitest provides retriable assertions out of the box via the expect.poll and expect.element APIs:

import { expect, test } from 'vitest'
import { page } from '@vitest/browser/context'

test('error banner is rendered', async () => {
  triggerError()

  // This creates a locator that will try to find the element
  // when any of its methods are called.
  // This call by itself doesn't check the existence of the element.
  const banner = page.getByRole('alert', {
    name: /error/i,
  })

  // Vitest provides `expect.element` with built-in retry-ability
  // It will repeatedly check that the element exists in the DOM and that
  // the content of `element.textContent` is equal to "Error!"
  // until all the conditions are met
  await expect.element(banner).toHaveTextContent('Error!')
})

We recommend to always use expect.element when working with page.getBy* locators to reduce test flakiness. Note that expect.element accepts a second option:

interface ExpectPollOptions {
  // The interval to retry the assertion for in milliseconds
  // Defaults to "expect.poll.interval" config option
  interval?: number
  // Time to retry the assertion for in milliseconds
  // Defaults to "expect.poll.timeout" config option
  timeout?: number
  // The message printed when the assertion fails
  message?: string
}

TIP

expect.element is a shorthand for expect.poll(() => element) and works in exactly the same way.

toHaveTextContent and all other assertions are still available on a regular expect without a built-in retry-ability mechanism:

// will fail immediately if .textContent is not `'Error!'`
expect(banner).toHaveTextContent('Error!')

toBeDisabled

function toBeDisabled(): Promise<void>

Allows you to check whether an element is disabled from the user's perspective.

Matches if the element is a form control and the disabled attribute is specified on this element or the element is a descendant of a form element with a disabled attribute.

Note that only native control elements such as HTML button, input, select, textarea, option, optgroup can be disabled by setting "disabled" attribute. "disabled" attribute on other elements is ignored, unless it's a custom element.

<button
  data-testid="button"
  type="submit"
  disabled
>
  submit
</button>

await expect.element(getByTestId('button')).toBeDisabled() // ✅
await expect.element(getByTestId('button')).not.toBeDisabled() // ❌

toBeEnabled

function toBeEnabled(): Promise<void>

Allows you to check whether an element is not disabled from the user's perspective.

Works like not.toBeDisabled(). Use this matcher to avoid double negation in your tests.

<button
  data-testid="button"
  type="submit"
  disabled
>
  submit
</button>

await expect.element(getByTestId('button')).toBeEnabled() // ✅
await expect.element(getByTestId('button')).not.toBeEnabled() // ❌

toBeEmptyDOMElement

function toBeEmptyDOMElement(): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert whether an element has no visible content for the user. It ignores comments but will fail if the element contains white-space.

<span data-testid="not-empty"><span data-testid="empty"></span></span>
<span data-testid="with-whitespace"> </span>
<span data-testid="with-comment"><!-- comment --></span>

await expect.element(getByTestId('empty')).toBeEmptyDOMElement()
await expect.element(getByTestId('not-empty')).not.toBeEmptyDOMElement()
await expect.element(
  getByTestId('with-whitespace')
).not.toBeEmptyDOMElement()

toBeInTheDocument

function toBeInTheDocument(): Promise<void>

Assert whether an element is present in the document or not.

<svg data-testid="svg-element"></svg>

await expect.element(getByTestId('svg-element')).toBeInTheDocument()
await expect.element(getByTestId('does-not-exist')).not.toBeInTheDocument()

WARNING

This matcher does not find detached elements. The element must be added to the document to be found by toBeInTheDocument. If you desire to search in a detached element, please use: toContainElement.

toBeInvalid

function toBeInvalid(): Promise<void>

This allows you to check if an element, is currently invalid.

An element is invalid if it has an aria-invalid attribute with no value or a value of "true", or if the result of checkValidity() is false.

<input data-testid="no-aria-invalid" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid" aria-invalid />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-value" aria-invalid="true" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-false" aria-invalid="false" />

<form data-testid="valid-form">
  <input />
</form>

<form data-testid="invalid-form">
  <input required />
</form>

await expect.element(getByTestId('no-aria-invalid')).not.toBeInvalid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-invalid')).toBeInvalid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-invalid-value')).toBeInvalid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-invalid-false')).not.toBeInvalid()

await expect.element(getByTestId('valid-form')).not.toBeInvalid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('invalid-form')).toBeInvalid()

toBeRequired

function toBeRequired(): Promise<void>

This allows you to check if a form element is currently required.

An element is required if it is having a required or aria-required="true" attribute.

<input data-testid="required-input" required />
<input data-testid="aria-required-input" aria-required="true" />
<input data-testid="conflicted-input" required aria-required="false" />
<input data-testid="aria-not-required-input" aria-required="false" />
<input data-testid="optional-input" />
<input data-testid="unsupported-type" type="image" required />
<select data-testid="select" required></select>
<textarea data-testid="textarea" required></textarea>
<div data-testid="supported-role" role="tree" required></div>
<div data-testid="supported-role-aria" role="tree" aria-required="true"></div>

await expect.element(getByTestId('required-input')).toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-required-input')).toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('conflicted-input')).toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-not-required-input')).not.toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('optional-input')).not.toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('unsupported-type')).not.toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('select')).toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('textarea')).toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('supported-role')).not.toBeRequired()
await expect.element(getByTestId('supported-role-aria')).toBeRequired()

toBeValid

function toBeValid(): Promise<void>

This allows you to check if the value of an element, is currently valid.

An element is valid if it has no aria-invalid attribute or an attribute value of "false". The result of checkValidity() must also be true if it's a form element.

<input data-testid="no-aria-invalid" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid" aria-invalid />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-value" aria-invalid="true" />
<input data-testid="aria-invalid-false" aria-invalid="false" />

<form data-testid="valid-form">
  <input />
</form>

<form data-testid="invalid-form">
  <input required />
</form>

await expect.element(getByTestId('no-aria-invalid')).toBeValid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-invalid')).not.toBeValid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-invalid-value')).not.toBeValid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('aria-invalid-false')).toBeValid()

await expect.element(getByTestId('valid-form')).toBeValid()
await expect.element(getByTestId('invalid-form')).not.toBeValid()

toBeVisible

function toBeVisible(): Promise<void>

This allows you to check if an element is currently visible to the user.

Element is considered visible when it has non-empty bounding box and does not have visibility:hidden computed style.

Note that according to this definition:

• Elements of zero size are not considered visible.
• Elements with display:none are not considered visible.
• Elements with opacity:0 are considered visible.

To check that at least one element from the list is visible, use locator.first().

// A specific element is visible.
await expect.element(page.getByText('Welcome')).toBeVisible()

// At least one item in the list is visible.
await expect.element(page.getByTestId('todo-item').first()).toBeVisible()

// At least one of the two elements is visible, possibly both.
await expect.element(
  page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Sign in' })
    .or(page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Sign up' }))
    .first()
).toBeVisible()

toContainElement

function toContainElement(element: HTMLElement | SVGElement | null): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert whether an element contains another element as a descendant or not.

<span data-testid="ancestor"><span data-testid="descendant"></span></span>

const ancestor = getByTestId('ancestor')
const descendant = getByTestId('descendant')
const nonExistantElement = getByTestId('does-not-exist')

await expect.element(ancestor).toContainElement(descendant)
await expect.element(descendant).not.toContainElement(ancestor)
await expect.element(ancestor).not.toContainElement(nonExistantElement)

toContainHTML

function toContainHTML(htmlText: string): Promise<void>

Assert whether a string representing a HTML element is contained in another element. The string should contain valid html, and not any incomplete html.

<span data-testid="parent"><span data-testid="child"></span></span>

// These are valid usages
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('<span data-testid="child"></span>')
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('<span data-testid="child" />')
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).not.toContainHTML('<br />')

// These won't work
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('data-testid="child"')
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('data-testid')
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).toContainHTML('</span>')

WARNING

Chances are you probably do not need to use this matcher. We encourage testing from the perspective of how the user perceives the app in a browser. That's why testing against a specific DOM structure is not advised.

It could be useful in situations where the code being tested renders html that was obtained from an external source, and you want to validate that that html code was used as intended.

It should not be used to check DOM structure that you control. Please, use toContainElement instead.

toHaveAccessibleDescription

function toHaveAccessibleDescription(description?: string | RegExp): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert that an element has the expected accessible description.

You can pass the exact string of the expected accessible description, or you can make a partial match passing a regular expression, or by using expect.stringContaining or expect.stringMatching.

<a
  data-testid="link"
  href="/"
  aria-label="Home page"
  title="A link to start over"
  >Start</a
>
<a data-testid="extra-link" href="/about" aria-label="About page">About</a>
<img src="avatar.jpg" data-testid="avatar" alt="User profile pic" />
<img
  src="logo.jpg"
  data-testid="logo"
  alt="Company logo"
  aria-describedby="t1"
/>
<span id="t1" role="presentation">The logo of Our Company</span>
<img
  src="logo.jpg"
  data-testid="logo2"
  alt="Company logo"
  aria-description="The logo of Our Company"
/>

await expect.element(getByTestId('link')).toHaveAccessibleDescription()
await expect.element(getByTestId('link')).toHaveAccessibleDescription('A link to start over')
await expect.element(getByTestId('link')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription('Home page')
await expect.element(getByTestId('extra-link')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription()
await expect.element(getByTestId('avatar')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription()
await expect.element(getByTestId('logo')).not.toHaveAccessibleDescription('Company logo')
await expect.element(getByTestId('logo')).toHaveAccessibleDescription(
  'The logo of Our Company',
)
await expect.element(getByTestId('logo2')).toHaveAccessibleDescription(
  'The logo of Our Company',
)

toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage

function toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage(message?: string | RegExp): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert that an element has the expected accessible error message.

You can pass the exact string of the expected accessible error message. Alternatively, you can perform a partial match by passing a regular expression or by using expect.stringContaining or expect.stringMatching.

<input
  aria-label="Has Error"
  aria-invalid="true"
  aria-errormessage="error-message"
/>
<div id="error-message" role="alert">This field is invalid</div>

<input aria-label="No Error Attributes" />
<input
  aria-label="Not Invalid"
  aria-invalid="false"
  aria-errormessage="error-message"
/>

// Inputs with Valid Error Messages
await expect.element(getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Has Error' })).toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage()
await expect.element(getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Has Error' })).toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage(
  'This field is invalid',
)
await expect.element(getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Has Error' })).toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage(
  /invalid/i,
)
await expect.element(
  getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Has Error' }),
).not.toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage('This field is absolutely correct!')

// Inputs without Valid Error Messages
await expect.element(
  getByRole('textbox', { name: 'No Error Attributes' }),
).not.toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage()

await expect.element(
  getByRole('textbox', { name: 'Not Invalid' }),
).not.toHaveAccessibleErrorMessage()

toHaveAccessibleName

function toHaveAccessibleName(name?: string | RegExp): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert that an element has the expected accessible name. It is useful, for instance, to assert that form elements and buttons are properly labelled.

You can pass the exact string of the expected accessible name, or you can make a partial match passing a regular expression, or by using expect.stringContaining or expect.stringMatching.

<img data-testid="img-alt" src="" alt="Test alt" />
<img data-testid="img-empty-alt" src="" alt="" />
<svg data-testid="svg-title"><title>Test title</title></svg>
<button data-testid="button-img-alt"><img src="" alt="Test" /></button>
<p><img data-testid="img-paragraph" src="" alt="" /> Test content</p>
<button data-testid="svg-button"><svg><title>Test</title></svg></p>
<div><svg data-testid="svg-without-title"></svg></div>
<input data-testid="input-title" title="test" />

await expect.element(getByTestId('img-alt')).toHaveAccessibleName('Test alt')
await expect.element(getByTestId('img-empty-alt')).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
await expect.element(getByTestId('svg-title')).toHaveAccessibleName('Test title')
await expect.element(getByTestId('button-img-alt')).toHaveAccessibleName()
await expect.element(getByTestId('img-paragraph')).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
await expect.element(getByTestId('svg-button')).toHaveAccessibleName()
await expect.element(getByTestId('svg-without-title')).not.toHaveAccessibleName()
await expect.element(getByTestId('input-title')).toHaveAccessibleName()

toHaveAttribute

function toHaveAttribute(attribute: string, value?: unknown): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given element has an attribute or not. You can also optionally check that the attribute has a specific expected value or partial match using expect.stringContaining or expect.stringMatching.

<button data-testid="ok-button" type="submit" disabled>ok</button>

const button = getByTestId('ok-button')

await expect.element(button).toHaveAttribute('disabled')
await expect.element(button).toHaveAttribute('type', 'submit')
await expect.element(button).not.toHaveAttribute('type', 'button')

await expect.element(button).toHaveAttribute(
  'type',
  expect.stringContaining('sub')
)
await expect.element(button).toHaveAttribute(
  'type',
  expect.not.stringContaining('but')
)

toHaveClass

function toHaveClass(...classNames: string[], options?: { exact: boolean }): Promise<void>
function toHaveClass(...classNames: (string | RegExp)[]): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given element has certain classes within its class attribute. You must provide at least one class, unless you are asserting that an element does not have any classes.

The list of class names may include strings and regular expressions. Regular expressions are matched against each individual class in the target element, and it is NOT matched against its full class attribute value as whole.

WARNING

Note that you cannot use exact: true option when only regular expressions are provided.

<button data-testid="delete-button" class="btn extra btn-danger">
  Delete item
</button>
<button data-testid="no-classes">No Classes</button>

const deleteButton = getByTestId('delete-button')
const noClasses = getByTestId('no-classes')

await expect.element(deleteButton).toHaveClass('extra')
await expect.element(deleteButton).toHaveClass('btn-danger btn')
await expect.element(deleteButton).toHaveClass(/danger/, 'btn')
await expect.element(deleteButton).toHaveClass('btn-danger', 'btn')
await expect.element(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass('btn-link')
await expect.element(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass(/link/)

// ⚠️ regexp matches against individual classes, not the whole classList
await expect.element(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass(/btn extra/)

// the element has EXACTLY a set of classes (in any order)
await expect.element(deleteButton).toHaveClass('btn-danger extra btn', {
  exact: true
})
// if it has more than expected it is going to fail
await expect.element(deleteButton).not.toHaveClass('btn-danger extra', {
  exact: true
})

await expect.element(noClasses).not.toHaveClass()

toHaveFocus

function toHaveFocus(): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert whether an element has focus or not.

<div><input type="text" data-testid="element-to-focus" /></div>

const input = page.getByTestId('element-to-focus')
input.element().focus()
await expect.element(input).toHaveFocus()
input.element().blur()
await expect.element(input).not.toHaveFocus()

toHaveFormValues

function toHaveFormValues(expectedValues: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<void>

This allows you to check if a form or fieldset contains form controls for each given name, and having the specified value.

TIP

It is important to stress that this matcher can only be invoked on a form or a fieldset element.

This allows it to take advantage of the .elements property in form and fieldset to reliably fetch all form controls within them.

This also avoids the possibility that users provide a container that contains more than one form, thereby intermixing form controls that are not related, and could even conflict with one another.

This matcher abstracts away the particularities with which a form control value is obtained depending on the type of form control. For instance, <input> elements have a value attribute, but <select> elements do not. Here's a list of all cases covered:

• <input type="number"> elements return the value as a number, instead of a string.
• <input type="checkbox"> elements:
  • if there's a single one with the given name attribute, it is treated as a boolean, returning true if the checkbox is checked, false if unchecked.
  • if there's more than one checkbox with the same name attribute, they are all treated collectively as a single form control, which returns the value as an array containing all the values of the selected checkboxes in the collection.
• <input type="radio"> elements are all grouped by the name attribute, and such a group treated as a single form control. This form control returns the value as a string corresponding to the value attribute of the selected radio button within the group.
• <input type="text"> elements return the value as a string. This also applies to <input> elements having any other possible type attribute that's not explicitly covered in different rules above (e.g. search, email, date, password, hidden, etc.)
• <select> elements without the multiple attribute return the value as a string corresponding to the value attribute of the selected option, or undefined if there's no selected option.
• <select multiple> elements return the value as an array containing all the values of the selected options.
• <textarea> elements return their value as a string. The value corresponds to their node content.

The above rules make it easy, for instance, to switch from using a single select control to using a group of radio buttons. Or to switch from a multi select control, to using a group of checkboxes. The resulting set of form values used by this matcher to compare against would be the same.

<form data-testid="login-form">
  <input type="text" name="username" value="jane.doe" />
  <input type="password" name="password" value="12345678" />
  <input type="checkbox" name="rememberMe" checked />
  <button type="submit">Sign in</button>
</form>

await expect.element(getByTestId('login-form')).toHaveFormValues({
  username: 'jane.doe',
  rememberMe: true,
})

toHaveStyle

function toHaveStyle(css: string | Partial<CSSStyleDeclaration>): Promise<void>

This allows you to check if a certain element has some specific css properties with specific values applied. It matches only if the element has all the expected properties applied, not just some of them.

<button
  data-testid="delete-button"
  style="display: none; background-color: red"
>
  Delete item
</button>

const button = getByTestId('delete-button')

await expect.element(button).toHaveStyle('display: none')
await expect.element(button).toHaveStyle({ display: 'none' })
await expect.element(button).toHaveStyle(`
  background-color: red;
  display: none;
`)
await expect.element(button).toHaveStyle({
  backgroundColor: 'red',
  display: 'none',
})
await expect.element(button).not.toHaveStyle(`
  background-color: blue;
  display: none;
`)
await expect.element(button).not.toHaveStyle({
  backgroundColor: 'blue',
  display: 'none',
})

This also works with rules that are applied to the element via a class name for which some rules are defined in a stylesheet currently active in the document. The usual rules of css precedence apply.

toHaveTextContent

function toHaveTextContent(
  text: string | RegExp,
  options?: { normalizeWhitespace: boolean }
): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given node has a text content or not. This supports elements, but also text nodes and fragments.

When a string argument is passed through, it will perform a partial case-sensitive match to the node content.

To perform a case-insensitive match, you can use a RegExp with the /i modifier.

If you want to match the whole content, you can use a RegExp to do it.

<span data-testid="text-content">Text Content</span>

const element = getByTestId('text-content')

await expect.element(element).toHaveTextContent('Content')
// to match the whole content
await expect.element(element).toHaveTextContent(/^Text Content$/)
// to use case-insensitive match
await expect.element(element).toHaveTextContent(/content$/i)
await expect.element(element).not.toHaveTextContent('content')

toHaveValue

function toHaveValue(value: string | string[] | number | null): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given form element has the specified value. It accepts <input>, <select> and <textarea> elements with the exception of <input type="checkbox"> and <input type="radio">, which can be meaningfully matched only using toBeChecked or toHaveFormValues.

It also accepts elements with roles meter, progressbar, slider or spinbutton and checks their aria-valuenow attribute (as a number).

For all other form elements, the value is matched using the same algorithm as in toHaveFormValues does.

<input type="text" value="text" data-testid="input-text" />
<input type="number" value="5" data-testid="input-number" />
<input type="text" data-testid="input-empty" />
<select multiple data-testid="select-number">
  <option value="first">First Value</option>
  <option value="second" selected>Second Value</option>
  <option value="third" selected>Third Value</option>
</select>

const textInput = getByTestId('input-text')
const numberInput = getByTestId('input-number')
const emptyInput = getByTestId('input-empty')
const selectInput = getByTestId('select-number')

await expect.element(textInput).toHaveValue('text')
await expect.element(numberInput).toHaveValue(5)
await expect.element(emptyInput).not.toHaveValue()
await expect.element(selectInput).toHaveValue(['second', 'third'])

toHaveDisplayValue

function toHaveDisplayValue(
  value: string | RegExp | (string | RegExp)[]
): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given form element has the specified displayed value (the one the end user will see). It accepts <input>, <select> and <textarea> elements with the exception of <input type="checkbox"> and <input type="radio">, which can be meaningfully matched only using toBeChecked or toHaveFormValues.

<label for="input-example">First name</label>
<input type="text" id="input-example" value="Luca" />

<label for="textarea-example">Description</label>
<textarea id="textarea-example">An example description here.</textarea>

<label for="single-select-example">Fruit</label>
<select id="single-select-example">
  <option value="">Select a fruit...</option>
  <option value="banana">Banana</option>
  <option value="ananas">Ananas</option>
  <option value="avocado">Avocado</option>
</select>

<label for="multiple-select-example">Fruits</label>
<select id="multiple-select-example" multiple>
  <option value="">Select a fruit...</option>
  <option value="banana" selected>Banana</option>
  <option value="ananas">Ananas</option>
  <option value="avocado" selected>Avocado</option>
</select>

const input = page.getByLabelText('First name')
const textarea = page.getByLabelText('Description')
const selectSingle = page.getByLabelText('Fruit')
const selectMultiple = page.getByLabelText('Fruits')

await expect.element(input).toHaveDisplayValue('Luca')
await expect.element(input).toHaveDisplayValue(/Luc/)
await expect.element(textarea).toHaveDisplayValue('An example description here.')
await expect.element(textarea).toHaveDisplayValue(/example/)
await expect.element(selectSingle).toHaveDisplayValue('Select a fruit...')
await expect.element(selectSingle).toHaveDisplayValue(/Select/)
await expect.element(selectMultiple).toHaveDisplayValue([/Avocado/, 'Banana'])

toBeChecked

function toBeChecked(): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given element is checked. It accepts an input of type checkbox or radio and elements with a role of checkbox, radio or switch with a valid aria-checked attribute of "true" or "false".

<input type="checkbox" checked data-testid="input-checkbox-checked" />
<input type="checkbox" data-testid="input-checkbox-unchecked" />
<div role="checkbox" aria-checked="true" data-testid="aria-checkbox-checked" />
<div
  role="checkbox"
  aria-checked="false"
  data-testid="aria-checkbox-unchecked"
/>

<input type="radio" checked value="foo" data-testid="input-radio-checked" />
<input type="radio" value="foo" data-testid="input-radio-unchecked" />
<div role="radio" aria-checked="true" data-testid="aria-radio-checked" />
<div role="radio" aria-checked="false" data-testid="aria-radio-unchecked" />
<div role="switch" aria-checked="true" data-testid="aria-switch-checked" />
<div role="switch" aria-checked="false" data-testid="aria-switch-unchecked" />

const inputCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-checked')
const inputCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-unchecked')
const ariaCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-checked')
const ariaCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-unchecked')
await expect.element(inputCheckboxChecked).toBeChecked()
await expect.element(inputCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
await expect.element(ariaCheckboxChecked).toBeChecked()
await expect.element(ariaCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()

const inputRadioChecked = getByTestId('input-radio-checked')
const inputRadioUnchecked = getByTestId('input-radio-unchecked')
const ariaRadioChecked = getByTestId('aria-radio-checked')
const ariaRadioUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-radio-unchecked')
await expect.element(inputRadioChecked).toBeChecked()
await expect.element(inputRadioUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()
await expect.element(ariaRadioChecked).toBeChecked()
await expect.element(ariaRadioUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()

const ariaSwitchChecked = getByTestId('aria-switch-checked')
const ariaSwitchUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-switch-unchecked')
await expect.element(ariaSwitchChecked).toBeChecked()
await expect.element(ariaSwitchUnchecked).not.toBeChecked()

toBePartiallyChecked

function toBePartiallyChecked(): Promise<void>

This allows you to check whether the given element is partially checked. It accepts an input of type checkbox and elements with a role of checkbox with a aria-checked="mixed", or input of type checkbox with indeterminate set to true

<input type="checkbox" aria-checked="mixed" data-testid="aria-checkbox-mixed" />
<input type="checkbox" checked data-testid="input-checkbox-checked" />
<input type="checkbox" data-testid="input-checkbox-unchecked" />
<div role="checkbox" aria-checked="true" data-testid="aria-checkbox-checked" />
<div
  role="checkbox"
  aria-checked="false"
  data-testid="aria-checkbox-unchecked"
/>
<input type="checkbox" data-testid="input-checkbox-indeterminate" />

const ariaCheckboxMixed = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-mixed')
const inputCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-checked')
const inputCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('input-checkbox-unchecked')
const ariaCheckboxChecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-checked')
const ariaCheckboxUnchecked = getByTestId('aria-checkbox-unchecked')
const inputCheckboxIndeterminate = getByTestId('input-checkbox-indeterminate')

await expect.element(ariaCheckboxMixed).toBePartiallyChecked()
await expect.element(inputCheckboxChecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
await expect.element(inputCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
await expect.element(ariaCheckboxChecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()
await expect.element(ariaCheckboxUnchecked).not.toBePartiallyChecked()

inputCheckboxIndeterminate.element().indeterminate = true
await expect.element(inputCheckboxIndeterminate).toBePartiallyChecked()

toHaveRole

function toHaveRole(role: ARIARole): Promise<void>

This allows you to assert that an element has the expected role.

This is useful in cases where you already have access to an element via some query other than the role itself, and want to make additional assertions regarding its accessibility.

The role can match either an explicit role (via the role attribute), or an implicit one via the implicit ARIA semantics.

<button data-testid="button">Continue</button>
<div role="button" data-testid="button-explicit">Continue</button>
<button role="switch button" data-testid="button-explicit-multiple">Continue</button>
<a href="/about" data-testid="link">About</a>
<a data-testid="link-invalid">Invalid link<a/>

await expect.element(getByTestId('button')).toHaveRole('button')
await expect.element(getByTestId('button-explicit')).toHaveRole('button')
await expect.element(getByTestId('button-explicit-multiple')).toHaveRole('button')
await expect.element(getByTestId('button-explicit-multiple')).toHaveRole('switch')
await expect.element(getByTestId('link')).toHaveRole('link')
await expect.element(getByTestId('link-invalid')).not.toHaveRole('link')
await expect.element(getByTestId('link-invalid')).toHaveRole('generic')

WARNING

Roles are matched literally by string equality, without inheriting from the ARIA role hierarchy. As a result, querying a superclass role like checkbox will not include elements with a subclass role like switch.

Also note that unlike testing-library, Vitest ignores all custom roles except the first valid one, following Playwright's behaviour:

<div data-testid="switch" role="switch alert"></div>

await expect.element(getByTestId('switch')).toHaveRole('switch') // ✅
await expect.element(getByTestId('switch')).toHaveRole('alert') // ❌

toHaveSelection

function toHaveSelection(selection?: string): Promise<void>

This allows to assert that an element has a text selection.

This is useful to check if text or part of the text is selected within an element. The element can be either an input of type text, a textarea, or any other element that contains text, such as a paragraph, span, div etc.

WARNING

The expected selection is a string, it does not allow to check for selection range indeces.

<div>
  <input type="text" value="text selected text" data-testid="text" />
  <textarea data-testid="textarea">text selected text</textarea>
  <p data-testid="prev">prev</p>
  <p data-testid="parent">
    text <span data-testid="child">selected</span> text
  </p>
  <p data-testid="next">next</p>
</div>

getByTestId('text').element().setSelectionRange(5, 13)
await expect.element(getByTestId('text')).toHaveSelection('selected')

getByTestId('textarea').element().setSelectionRange(0, 5)
await expect.element('textarea').toHaveSelection('text ')

const selection = document.getSelection()
const range = document.createRange()
selection.removeAllRanges()
selection.empty()
selection.addRange(range)

// selection of child applies to the parent as well
range.selectNodeContents(getByTestId('child').element())
await expect.element(getByTestId('child')).toHaveSelection('selected')
await expect.element(getByTestId('parent')).toHaveSelection('selected')

// selection that applies from prev all, parent text before child, and part child.
range.setStart(getByTestId('prev').element(), 0)
range.setEnd(getByTestId('child').element().childNodes[0], 3)
await expect.element(queryByTestId('prev')).toHaveSelection('prev')
await expect.element(queryByTestId('child')).toHaveSelection('sel')
await expect.element(queryByTestId('parent')).toHaveSelection('text sel')
await expect.element(queryByTestId('next')).not.toHaveSelection()

// selection that applies from part child, parent text after child and part next.
range.setStart(getByTestId('child').element().childNodes[0], 3)
range.setEnd(getByTestId('next').element().childNodes[0], 2)
await expect.element(queryByTestId('child')).toHaveSelection('ected')
await expect.element(queryByTestId('parent')).toHaveSelection('ected text')
await expect.element(queryByTestId('prev')).not.toHaveSelection()
await expect.element(queryByTestId('next')).toHaveSelection('ne')